IMF Aur World Bank: Maseeha Ya Master?
Aapne aksar news mein suna hoga: 'IMF ne loan pass kar diya!' aor aam janta khush hoti hai jaise inam (prize) mila ho. Lekin asal me IMF hai kya? Aur ye karz ki qeemat kya mangta hai?
Bretton Woods (1944) meeting mein, do naye idaaray banaye gaye: IMF (International Monetary Fund) aur World Bank. Inka completely stated maqsad duniya ko ghurbat se nikalna aur tabah hui economies ko dobara khada karna tha. IMF un deshon ko paisa deta hai jo totally doob chuke (bankrupt) hote hain.
Jab ek gareeb desh ka khazana khali ho jata hai aur baaki duniya ke investors usay loan dene se mana kar dete hain (kyunkay paisa doobne ka risk hai), toh IMF 'Lender of Last Resort' bankar enter hota hai. Woh in doobtay deshon ko Emergency relief funds deta hai.
Lekin IMF ka Loan muft mein nahi milta. Iske sath aati hain 'Structural Adjustment Programs' (SAPs). Yani IMF un deshon ki hukumat se unki policy bananey ka power chheen leta hai. Shartein ye hoti hain: Bijli/Gas mehangi karo (subsidies khatam karo), Awam par naye taxes lagao, aur mulki companies (Airline/Railways) private sarmayadaaron ko baich do.
Sochiye: Jis ghalt government policies aor corruption ki wajah se desh crash hua tha, IMF dobara usi government/officials ko billione of dollar de raha hai, aur interest ka saara bill aam citizen se Gas aur Petrol mehenga karke wasool kiya jaraha hai. Kon jeeta?
Key Takeaway
IMF aur World Bank ghareeb deshon ki doobti economy mein cash pump zaroor karte hain, lekin policy changes (SAPs) aur taxes ke pressure se final nuksan sirf aam aadmi ka hota hai.