Gold Standard: Sone Ka Aakhri Zamana
Goldsmiths ki receipts se shuru hua safar ab governments ne apne hath mein le liya tha. Duniya ne ek naya system apnaya jise 'Gold Standard' kehte hain. Rule simple tha: Paison ka matlab Sona (Gold).
19th century mein almost har badi economy ne ek waada kiya: Hum utne hi kagaz ke note chhapenge jitna hamare khazane mein sona rakha hai. Koi government hawa se paisa nahi bana sakti thi.
Agar kisi desh ke paas 100 ton gold tha, toh woh sirf ussi ke barabar paper notes issue kar sakta tha. Agar aap bank ke paas ek $20 ka note le kar jaate, toh bank aapko uske wazne ke barabar asli Sona dene ka paaband (bound) tha.
Is system ka sabse bada faida yeh tha ke Governments apni marzi se note chhap kar mehangai (inflation) nahi paida kar sakti thin. System mein discipline tha. Raat-o-raat ameeri nahi ban sakti thi, na hi aam aadmi ki bachayi hui daulat ki value kam ho sakti thi.
Sochiye: Agar gold khud ko restrict karta hai toh aam insaan ki purchasing power safe rehti hai. Lekin agar rule itna accha tha, toh ise khatam karne ki zaroorat kyun pesh aayi?
Key Takeaway
Gold Standard ne governments ki paisa chhapne ki taqat par ek natural brake lagaya hua tha. Lekin world wars aur hukoomaton ki lalach ne is system ki buniyaad hila di.