Governments ke is poore control, Central Banks ki money printing (Inflation), aur 2008 ki Financial Crisis - jismein galti banks ki thi par nuqsaan aam logo ne uthaya - is sab se tang ho kar 2009 mein ek bilkul naya digital 'experiment' shuru kiya gaya.
January 2009 mein, 'Satoshi Nakamoto' naam ke ek na-maloom (anonymous) hacker ya group ne internet par 'Bitcoin' naam ka system publish kiya. Yeh pehli currency/asset thi jisay na kisi King (Raja) ne release kiya aur na hi kisi desh ki Central Bank ne.
Crypto ka bunyaadi maqsad hai ke 'Dene wale aur Lene wale' ke darmiyan se 'Middleman (Bank/Government)' ko khatam kar diya jaye. Is par chalne wale system ko 'Blockchain' kehtay hain. Blockchain mein transactions kaun confirm karta hai? Kisi markazi server ki bajaye, duniya bhar ke hazaaron computers mil jul kar verification kartay hain - jisay 'Decentralization' kehtay hain.
Misaal ke taur par: Agar main raat 3 bajay apne mobile se 1 Bitcoin Africa mein baithay dost ko bhejta hun toh mujhe kisi bhi Bank se clearance nahi lena parta. Na mujhe SWIFT use karna hai, na kisi ki ID submit karni hai, na bank timing ka intezaar karna. Yeh aasaniyon ne isay pehla digital azad platform banaya!
Sochiye: Ek aisi currency jis par 21 Million ki limit lagi ho, yani koi hukumat uski taadaad na barha sake aur jisay central authority ban ya censor na kar sake - toh usmein Inflation (Mehangai) kaise paida hogi?
Key Takeaway
Blockchain aur Bitcoin ka bunyaadi maqsad yehi tha ke Fiat Money aur Fractional Reserves ke corrupt system ka alternative khada kiya jaye. Ek aisi currency jo na banayi ja sake, na manipulate ho sake, na inflation se kamzor ho, aur na hi koi third party zabt kar sake.